Myrna (Micki) L. Friedlander is best characterized as a brilliant, warm, and delightful individual whose greatest contributions to the profession have brought family therapy into mainstream counseling psychology. Beginning with the first family therapy articles to ever be published in Journal of Counseling Psychology in 1984 and 1985, and culminating in 2006 with her book, Therapeutic Alliances in Couple and Family Therapy: An Empirically Informed Guide to Practice, Friedlander has contributed much to our understanding of family communication and change. Throughout her career, she has focused on therapist-client discourse and its implications for effective treatment, particularly in family therapy. Her elegant integration of science and practice throughout her career epitomizes the essence of a true scientist-practitioner.
职业
Reflecting upon her career, Friedlander characterizes it as more serendipitous than planned. She credits the course her professional life has taken to her interest in language, her relationships with supportive mentors and colleagues, and the impetus of the women’s movement. Her academic career began at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, where she earned a B.A. in French. She taught French to low-income at-risk children in inner-city Boston, when after 5 years she concluded that she was having a greater impact on her students by talking with them about their problems than by teaching them French.
A chance meeting with a high school friend who was enrolled in a master’s degree program in crisis resource teaching prompted her to consider a graduate degree in a helping profession. Friedlander decided to move to Washington, D.C., where she enrolled in George Washington University (GWU). Once again, a chance meeting, this time with the dean of GWU’s college of education, led her to enroll in a graduate counseling course to try it out. Finding counseling a good match with her interests, she decided to pursue a master’s degree in counseling. It was at GWU that Friedlander met her first mentor, Janet Heddesheimer.
作为俄亥俄州立大学(OSU)的新博士生,弗里德兰德被任命为泰德·考尔(Ted Kaul)为她的顾问。弗里德兰德最初对心理疗法的“科学”持怀疑态度,质疑人们如何“研究”心理治疗,这是一种“艺术”,传统上是女性的领域(即帮助有情感问题的人),直到一个男人(弗洛伊德)出现,并且“合法化的”治疗过程,称其为科学努力。这些好奇的思想为她在1992年写的一篇文章奠定了基础,“心理治疗过程:关于艺术,关于科学的艺术”。具有讽刺意味的是,弗里德兰德(Friedlander)现在研究心理治疗的“科学”已有25年以上,试图证明可以向学生识别,理解和教导“艺术”。
In graduate school, Friedlander was initially attracted to Stanley Strong’s concept of psychotherapy as a social system, in which change is brought about by specific processes of interpersonal persuasion. She was particularly influenced by sociolinguistic applications to the study of therapy by Harold Pepinsky, a distinguished faculty member at OSU. When Friedlander began her dissertation in 1979, several OSU faculty (including Lyle Schmidt, Ted Kaul, and Don Dell) had concluded that Strong’s theoretical model needed experimental validation with actual clients in treatment. This conclusion led to her decision to pursue a dissertation using role induction as a persuasive method of enhancing therapeutic effectiveness.
While completing her predoctoral internship at Albany Medical Center in Albany, New York, Friedlander received a call from her advisor, Ted Kaul, alerting her to a job opening at the University at Albany (UAlbany), where there was a doctoral program newly accredited by the APA. Although it was early in her internship year and she really enjoyed clinical work, she decided to apply for the position and try out academia. The decision to accept that position became a pivotal point in her life; it led to a long, productive career as an academic psychologist at UAlbany. At the invitation of another mentor, Reuben Silver, she also served for 19 years (1984-2003) as adjunct clinical assistant professor at Albany Medical College of Union University in the Department of Psychiatry. Friedlander has also maintained a small private practice since 1983 and meets regularly with a peer supervision group.
弗里德兰德(Friedlander)在Ualbany的早期,与同事苏珊·菲利普斯(Susan Phillips)一起,成为仅有的两名女性咨询心理学教师之一。在为咨询心理学的妇女提供新的领域时,这两个成为亲密的朋友,同事和合着者。弗里德兰德(Friedlander)还发现了另外两位同事理查德·哈斯(Richard Haase)和蒙特·布鲁克(Monte Bruch)的指导支持。
As a professor in the APA-accredited counseling psychology program at UAlbany, Friedlander has served as director of training for the past 7 years. She finds this role to be one of the most gratifying aspects of her work. She truly enjoys supervising and mentoring students, watching them mature, and seeing them transition through graduate school and into clinical and academic positions. Her warmth and sage advice are widely felt by her former students.
合作和出版物
在APA海报会议上的一次偶然会议与劳里·希瑟灵顿(Laurie Heatherington)建立了长期的专业关系,后者分享了弗里德兰德(Friedlander)在家庭和性别问题上的许多利益。他们在关系控制方面的工作使他们与西班牙拉科鲁纳大学的心理学教授兼家庭治疗干预硕士学位课程的主任瓦伦丁·埃斯科德罗(Valentin Escudero)会面。埃斯库德罗(Escudero)随后邀请弗里德兰德(Friedlander)和希瑟灵顿(Heatherington)在西班牙的一次会议上担任主旨演讲者,这标志着另一种重要的合作关系的开始,包括拉科鲁纳(La Coruna)和乌尔巴尼(Ualbany)之间的研究生交流计划。弗里德兰德(Friedlander),埃斯库德罗(Escudero)和希瑟灵顿(Heatherington)共同撰写了一本书,弗里德兰德(Friedlander)将夫妻和家庭疗法的治疗联盟称为“我的奖学金的最高乐趣”:经验知情的实践指南。在这本书中,弗里德兰德,埃斯库德罗和希瑟灵顿专注于家庭成员和治疗师之间的交流,重点是使用语言来促进家庭的康复。作者使用其概念模型,即观察家庭治疗联盟(SOFTA)的系统,以整合理论,研究和实践。他们使用测量工具来证明客户和治疗师的积极和负面行为如何加强或削弱治疗联盟。
弗里德兰德(Friedlander)与利哈伊大学(Lehigh University)的另外两名杰出研究人员尼克·拉达尼(Nick Ladany)和威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的M. Lee Nelson合作,为心理治疗监督的重要活动:一种人际关系方法。他们一起仔细分析了对话的笔录,以显示如何确定,探索和变成成长的机会。本书提供了一种实用的监督模型,并在人际关系框架内提供了基于经验的信息。
Friedlander adopted a daughter as a “gift” to herself once she earned tenure. Given that her daughter was from Paraguay, Friedlander became attentive to children’s ethnic identity development long before this was at the forefront of counseling psychology. As she learned more about the process, she wrote three theoretical articles on ethnic identity and international adoption: “Ethnic Identity Development of Internationally Adopted Children and Adolescents: Implications for Family Therapists,” “Adoption: Misunderstood, Mythologized, Maligned,” and “Bicultural Identification: Experiences of Internationally Adopted Children and Their Parents.”
弗里德兰德(Friedlander)撰写了许多其他书籍章节,文章,家庭疗法的临床培训手册以及测量工具,包括将自我清单与前学生伊丽莎白·斯科隆(Elizabeth Skowron)差异化。弗里德兰德(Friedlander)还在美国,加拿大,墨西哥和西班牙,葡萄牙,意大利和苏格兰进行了许多值得注意的专业演讲。
奖项和区别
弗里德兰德(Friedlander)获得了许多著名的奖项和区别。除了被任命为两个APA部门第17分区(咨询心理学)和第29师(心理治疗)之外,她还被授予剑桥(英国)教育成就的文凭,以表彰她对咨询心理学的独特贡献。她还被纽约东北部心理学协会(2001)授予杰出心理学家的头衔,并获得了奥尔巴尼大学卓越研究奖(2000年)的奥尔巴尼大学奖。1991年,弗里德兰德(Friedlander)被评为美国心理学会和美国应用和预防心理学协会的会员。
Friedlander has held many leadership positions in national professional associations. She has been exceptionally active as a member of APA Division 17 (Counseling Psychology), serving as communication specialist, division newsletter editor, vice chair of the Section for the Promotion of Psychotherapy Science, member of the Advisory Council of the Science Vice Presidency, member of a special task force on integrating practice and science, and member of several committees (including the Program Committee, Awards Committee, and Fellowship Committee) and special interest groups (Marital and Family Therapy and Qualitative Research Methods). Friedlander has served on the editorial boards of Journal of Counseling Psychology; The Counseling Psychologist; Journal of Marital and Family Therapy; Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, and Training; and Psychotherapy Research.
对于弗里德兰德(Friedlander)来说,教学,指导,监督学生以及改变个人和家庭生活是她职业生涯中最有意义,最令人满意的方面。毫无疑问,米奇·弗里德兰德(Micki Friedlander)的贡献远远超出了她书中的页面。他们触及了这么多人的生活。
References:
- Friedlander,M。L.(1995)。在研究家庭疗法变化过程的过程中。在L. T. Hoshmand&J。Martin中,作为实践的研究:治疗心理学计划研究的经验教训(第171-197页)。纽约:教师学院出版社。
- Friedlander,M。L.(1999)。国际收养儿童和青少年的种族认同发展:对家庭治疗师的影响。婚姻与家庭疗法杂志,第25卷,第43-60页。
- Friedlander,M。L.(2003)。收养:被误解,神话化,恶心。咨询心理学家,31,745-752。
- Friedlander,M。L.,Escudero,V。,&Guzman,M。(2001)。国际家庭疗法交流:西班牙和美国的培训,研究和实践,咨询心理学家,30,314-329。
- Friedlander,M。L.,Escudero,V。和Heatherington,L。(2006)。与夫妻和家庭的治疗联盟:经验明智的实践指南。华盛顿特区:美国心理学会。
- Friedlander,M。L.和Highlen,P。S.(1984)。对家庭访谈的人际关系结构的空间观点:辅导员之间的相似性和差异。咨询心理学杂志,第31卷,第477-487页。
- Friedlander,M。L.,Highlen,P。S.,&Lassiter,W。(1985)。四个专家顾问家庭治疗方法的内容分析比较:Ackerman,Bowen,Jackson和Whitaker。咨询心理学杂志,32,171-180。
- 弗里德兰德(M.双文化识别:国际收养子女及其父母的经历。咨询心理学杂志,第47卷,第1-12页。
- Ladany, N., Friedlander, M. L., & Nelson, M. L. (2005). Critical events in psychotherapy supervision: An interpersonal approach. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
- Skowron,E。A.和Friedlander,M。L.(1998)。自我清单的差异化:开发和初始验证。咨询心理学杂志,第45页,第235-246页。